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Nephrol Dial Transplant (1987) 2: 248-250
© 1987 European Renal Association-European Dialysis and Transplant Association

research-article

Human Immunodeficiency Virus Antibody Screening in Patients on Renal Replacement Therapy: Prevalence of False-Positive Results

W. Fassbinder, A. Fürsch, P. Kühnl and W. Schoeppe

Abt. Nephrologie, Zentrum Innere Medizin, Universitätsklinikum Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, D-6000 Frankfurt/Main 70, FRG

Correspondence and offprint requests to: Correspondence and offprint requests to: Prof. Dr med. W. Fassbinder, Abt. Nephrologie, Zentrum Innere Medizin, Universitätsklinikum, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, D-6000 Frankfurt/Main 70, FRG

Patients with terminal renal failure quite frequently receive blood transfusions on renal replacement therapy; therefore they are at increased risk of infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). We investigated sera from 380 patients on haemodialysis or with a renal transplant for anti-HIV, using commercially available enzyme-immunoassays (EIA). Persistent EIA-positive sera were additionally examined by Western blot and ELAVIA test, a commercially available indirect EIA. We found 20 patients (5.3%) with a persistently positive EIA screening test. None gave a positive result with confirmatory tests. Cross-reacting leucocyte antibodies seemed to be responsible for most of these false-positive anti-HIV tests; 12 of 20 EIA-positive sera were found positive for HLA antibodies. Sera from patients on haemodialysis or with a renal transplant, particularly when multiply transfused, have to be investigated carefully before infection with HIV is confirmed.

Keywords: AIDS; Anti-HIV; False-positive anti-HIV; Haemodialysis; Renal replacement therapy; Renal transplantation


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